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A must read: FDNY begins tests that could change tactics. Ventilation & basement fires are among things to be studied in burning of rowhomes on Governors Island.

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The December fire at a Crown Heights, Brooklyn brownstone that critically burned Firefighter Robert Weidmann is one of the reasons FDNY is studying ventilation techniques in residential buildings.

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Will FDNY begin attacking residential basement fires from the exterior through windows rather than interior stairs? Is opening the roof in the initial stages of a fire in a row house a priority? Which is more important to do first, search and rescue or putting water on the fire?

The FDNY is hoping to find the answers to these questions and more as they start burning 20 rowhomes filled with furnishings tomorrow (Monday). An article by Joseph Goldstein in the New York Times, says the materials we now furnish our homes with has FDNY seriously questioning some of its longstanding tactics on residential fires. Goldstein writes the concern is that the use of plastics in things like sofas and mattresses has changed the way a room and its contents burn and that firefighters may need to change the way they approach such fires:

With more plastic in homes, residential fires are now likely to use up all the oxygen in a room before they consume all flammable materials. The resulting smoky, oxygen-deprived fires appear to be going out. But they are actually waiting for an inrush of fresh air, which can come as firefighters cut through roofs and break windows.

Mr. Cassano, the fire commissioner, acknowledged that “ventilation may be hurting people in the fire if we don’t ventilate properly.”

Goldstein interviewed Stephen Kerber from Underwriters Laboratories. UL is taking part in the experiments along with the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Kerber told Goldstein that firefighters always assumed venting meant cooling but they are finding ”that venting doesn’t cool and allows for things to get much hotter”.

And there’s more:

The experiments will test whether another approach, sticking a nozzle through a basement window, is more effective. The Fire Department has long been inclined to fight fires from inside residences, rather than through open windows, based on a belief that the outside method will drive the fire toward other areas of the house, where occupants might be.

The article cites two well known tragic fires related to modern furnishings and ventilation. One is the Sofa Super Store fire in Charleston that took the lives of nine firefighters five-years-ago. The other is the fire last year that critically burned Firefighter Robert Wiedmann at a Crown Heights brownstone.

One chief involved in the experiments told Goldstein he doesn’t expect the findings will lead to an abandonment of aggressive interior firefighting but will alter the way ventilation is done.

 Read entire article from the New York Times

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More on home separation, lightweight construction & sprinklers. Watch 2004 NIST test & hear the views of a VA fire chief.

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Previous coverage of Manassas fire, including fireground audio & arrival video

NIST fact sheet on house to house fire spread

Discarded cigarette causes Manassas fire

I have referred to these stories many times, but the video has not been available in recent years on the Internet. WUSA9.com’s Emily Cyr took care of that problem for us today. The videos from July, 2004 relate directly to the conflagration last Thursday in Manassas, Virginia. NIST discovered that the simple and relatively inexpensive idea of adding a fire barrier under vinyl siding makes a dramtic difference in preventing fire spread when single family homes are built with little space between the structures.

All the way at the bottom of this post is a 10-minute interview conducted on Saturday by WUSA9.com’s Surae Chinn with Loudoun County, Virginia’s Interim Fire Chief Keith Brower. Like City of Manassas Fire Marshal Frank Teevan, Chief Brower was always one of the  go-to guys when I was reporting and looking for an expert on fire safety issues. Chief Brower talks at length about how residential sprinklers and the lessons learned from the NIST testing can be the difference between one home burning and a neighborhood on fire.

Fireground audio from Manassas, Virginia multi-house fire. Video as first crews arrive. Home builders group says sprinklers wouldn’t have helped. FM disagrees.

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 The story above includes video of the arrival of the first units. It was shot by Darryl Childress.   

NIST fact sheet on house to house fire spread

A Tale of Two Fires or A Roof and Contents (A July, 2007 look at two house fires in Leesburg, VA.)

A column on FireGeezer.com called “Suburban Slums” by Mike Ward, a retired fire/EMS captain from Fairfax County, VA

When firefighters from the City of Manassas and Prince William County arrived on the scene on Tillett Loop yesterday afternoon two, large single-family homes were already burning. Before long, a third was on fire and others were threatened. WUSA9.com reporter Peggy Fox reports a spokesman for the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) said residential sprinklers would not have made a difference in this fire because it started on the outside of a home.   

While acknowledging the difficulties presented by the fire starting on the outside, Manassas Fire Marshall Francis Teevan disagrees with NAHB. In the third video on this page Teevan says that sprinklers could have slowed the spread of this fire once it hit the interior of the first house. Teevan believes it might have given firefighters a chance to get ahead of the flames.

Click the image for more photos from Darryl Childress as firefighters arrived on the scene.

NAHB is the group that will also tell you about the dangers of water damage caused by sprinklers. Have of any of you seen residential sprinkler water damage to rival the destruction that occurred on Tillett Loop yesterday? Do you think NAHB will ask the residents which option they would prefer?   

As in many previous fires in similarly built neighborhoods FM Teevan cited the usual contributing factors that, taken together, account for this conflagration: lightweight construction; exterior walls of vinyl siding over particle board; houses built too close together.   

Unfortunately these homes and neighborhoods are built to code. Efforts by Virginia’s fire service to get residential sprinklers and other meaningful changes to the building code in an effort to prevent future neighborhoods from being built to burn have been unsuccessful. They have been thwarted by the building lobby, with NAHB leading the way.   

In 2004 I looked at this issue in a two-part report called Too Close for Comfort (video at the very bottom of this page). The report was inspired by a similar fire in Prince William County six miles to the west of the one yesterday. Two years after that fire at 8659 Trenton Chapel Way, history repeated itself with another multi-home fire that began at 8671 Trenton Chapel Way. Click here for video of the 2006 fire.   

The day before the Tillett Loop fire three people died in a fire in a townhouse cluster in Lorton, Virginia. One can imagine that residential sprinklers may have prevented that tragedy from occuring. But there is something else that is relevant to this discussion. As much fire as there was in the home of origin in Lorton the fire did not spread. Remember, the other homes in Lorton adjoin the one that burned and weren’t 12 or 16 feet away as in Manassas. Of course, the difference is the Lorton structure was built in 1973 and the Manassas homes were built almost 30-years later. Is that progress?  

Maybe it’s time for the victims of these firestorms to show up on the door step at NAHB headquarters and get a first hand explanation as to why residential sprinklers and improved fire barriers on outside walls are such a bad thing. There’s more below.     

   

Here’s more on the story from WUSA9.com:   

Firefighters could not stop the blaze from burning three houses to the ground and damaging five more in Manassas. People who live nearby watched in astonishment as the fire gained momentum.   

“It was crazy. The fire jumped from house to house, the wind just blew it,” said Renee Qura.   

The flames didn’t have very far to go.   

“They are very close. Too close together, ” Qura said.   

Angel Verdun said that several years ago, they had looked at buying a home in this neighborhood, but did because her husband felt there wasn’t enough space between the homes.   

Manassas Fire Marshal Francis Teevan says the closeness of the home contributed to the fire’s rapid spread, ” We’re looking at ten to sixteen feet between these houses. Certainly if you were on lots larger, a quarter to a half acre, you wouldn’t see the type of spread that we have here.”   

And, he says, the exterior walls are within code, but have the lowest rating for fire prevention.   

“Here you have particle board over vinyl siding, which burns very fast.”   

   

The homes also have no sprinklers, they’re not required to, but the issue is under heated debate. A spokesperson for the National Home Builders Association says sprinklers cannot stop fire when it comes from outside a building and would not have helped stop the spread in this care. Teevan disagrees.   

“It came from the outside, which means it went inside. So as soon as it would hit the first barrier of sprinklers, and we have water application, we probably could have held the fire in check at that point until the fire department came and extinguished it the rest of the way,” said Teevan.   

Teevan is also the president of the Virginia Fire Prevention Association.   

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Exposure problem: Neighbor’s video captures fire spread between single family homes.

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 There is no information on where and when this fire occurred. But the neighbor’s video shows how quickly fire travels from home to home thanks to the way communities are built these days.  

When fighting a house fire in one of these tightly packed neighborhoods, with lightweight constructed homes that often lack any real fire resistance in the outside walls, you never know how many homes will be on fire when you arrive. Those of us fighting fires in the suburbs 30-year-ago didn’t see many cases of more than one single-family home burning at a time. We rarely had to think about taking the first line to the exposure. Now it can be like taking a stand in a row of townhomes built without firewalls.

Regular readers have probably watched it, but those new to the blog might be interested in a two part TV story I did six-years-ago called “Too Close for Comfort”.

Here are some more videos and information on the topic:

NIST fact sheet on house to house fire spread

Manassas VFC’s raw video from 3-31-2006 fire at 8671 Trenton Chapel Way in Gainesville, VA (This is the second, multiple, single-family-dwelling fire on this street. The first, at 8659 Trenton Chapel Way on 1-6-2004, was featured in Too Close for Comfort, above.)

A Tale of Two Fires or A Roof and Contents (A July, 2007 look at two house fires in Leesburg, VA.)

A column on FireGeezer.com called “Suburban Slums” by Mike Ward, a retired fire/EMS captain from Fairfax County, VA

Read NIST staffing and repsonse study

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Quick Takes

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Early video of house fire in Tinley Park, Illinois: A neighbor boy with a camera catches this one before firefighters arrive. Listen to the questions asking where is the fire department (did they call?). You can read a few more details about the fire here.

Fire engines, but no fire department: I urge you to take a few moments to watch the videos and read the information about the state of fire protection on Mudge Island in British Columbia. It is a place with two fire trucks and no real fire department. But the citizens have taken the matter, and the hose lines, into their own hands. Some of our readers find what they see inspiring. Other think it is ridiculous. Either way it sure is interesting. Click here.

Another police chief makes the case for taking over the fire department: In Auburn, Maine the acting fire chief feels the bosses showed disrespect toward him and the fire department for failing to include the fire service perspective in the city’s study of combining the police and fire departments. That job went to the police chief who says it could work just fine having public safety officers showing up at fires, putting down their weapons and going in to fight a fire. Watch the story.

Bourne’s back: For a while the Bourne Fire Department in Massachusetts just stayed in the news as the department dealt very publicly with a series of problems (click here and scroll down). The recent quiet from Bourne has now been broken. Two paramedics are claiming an on-call firefighter drove his personal vehicle recklessly through a crash scene on the way to a fire call. The medics says they were almost struck while tending to a patient. Here is the story.

Probation in hazing incident: A judge has given a year probation to three Connecticut firefighters and another person after a hazing incident we had told you about. This is where a 14-year-old member of the Quaker Hill Fire Department, who had pulled a chair out from underneath a firefighter’s girlfriend, found himself bound to a backboard, gagged and shot with an air gun. Here’s the update.

Consulting firm fired because it had never recommended layoffs: In Palo Alto, California a consultant was dropped midway through a staffing study of the fire department. Council members were shocked to learn the firm had never recommended layoffs in any of its previous studies. According to MercuryNews.com, some on the council were hoping the study would pave the way for cut backs. The official reason for the dropping of the consultant is a “conflict of interest”. Check out this line from the article – “they were surprised to learn at an April 20 finance committee meeting that consulting firm Emergency Services Consulting International was affiliated with an international fire chiefs union.” I knew those fire chiefs would eventually unionize.

What happens in Las Vegas may be shared with Clark County: With both Nevada jurisdictions in battles with firefighters over budget issues, leaders hope to share services like hazmat and heavy rescue in an effort to save money. Here is the latest.

CFSI: The Congressional Fire Services Institute’s National Fire and Emergency Services Dinner and Seminars start today. Click here for details.

It is Bonanza time: May 7 is the start of the two day Bonanza Extravaganza put on by the Professional Firefighters of Hagerstown, Maryland (IAFF Local 1605). This event, involving music, gaming, big money prizes and much more has become a real happening. The union says, through a foundation set up to handle the profits from the event, firefighters have given away hundreds of thousands of dollars to non-profits in the community and  ”a $40,000 donation to Children’s Village that funded every second grader in Washington County to be able to attend a two day fire and police safety educational program”. Click here to read more background information on the eventHere’s the website.

Another fired DeKalb County, Georgia firefighter makes the case for reinstatement: William Greene goes public in his efforts to get his job back after being fired with four others following a botched response to help an elderly woman who said her house was on fire. Greene says he was not given complete information by dispatchers. Read the story.

Mayor’s fund raiser attracts firefighters: We have shared with you a number of stories about the relationship between North Providence Mayor Charles Lombardi and his firefighters (click here and scroll down for a recap). If you have read any of them you know that if a large group of firefighters showed up at a fund raiser for Lombardi it wasn’t because they were invited. There were about 250 firefighters with picket signs outside the restaurant last night. Click here for the story. Watch the video.

Three-alarm church fire threatens hotel: The two buildings are connected in Portland, Oregon. Firegeezer has the story.

How sad: During a retired firefighter’s funeral in Bridgewater, Massachusetts, burglars broke into the home the firefighter shared with his brother. Read more.

Union called out for stealing story of 1953 fire: A paranormal researcher who had written a story in 2008 on the 55th anniversary of a nursing home fire that killed 33 people says IAFF Local 2427 reposted that same story on its site. The author says her name wasn’t on the story but credit inhstead was given to someone affiliated with the union. Here’s the story about the story, that we are crediting to TampaBay.com.

Man’s duck story apparently doesn’t hold water: The man admits he set the fire inside the Ride the Ducks building in Seattle. But the story about why he did it might quack you up. (Seriously, what kind of an idiot writes this junk?) Here’s the story.

NIST staffing and response study out this morning: I am not sure NIST’s efforts will have much meaning on Mudge Island (see here), but a lot of fire chiefs are hoping it will help put things in perspective when the boss says cut. We spent a frigid day in January of last year at the Montgomery County Fire & Rescue Service Training Academy when this study was first publicized (above). Christopher Naum has one of the more detailed looks at what it is all about on his Command Safety blog. Expect more at Command Safety (and here) later today.

Newly released images from September 11, 2001. NIST responds to FOIA with thousands of photos from an NYPD helicopter.

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More from ABC News

From the AP:

Newly released aerial photos of the World Trade Center terror attack capture the towers’ dramatic collapse, from just after the first fiery plane strike to the apocalyptic dust clouds that spread over lower Manhattan and its harbor.

The images were taken from a police helicopter — the only photographers allowed in the air space near the towers on Sept. 11, 2001. They were obtained by ABC News after it filed a Freedom of Information Act request last year with the National Institute of Standards and Technology, which investigated the collapse.

The chief curator of the planned Sept. 11 museum, which is compiling a digital archive of attack coverage, said the still images are “a phenomenal body of work” that show a new, wide-angle look at the towers’ collapse and the gray dust clouds that shrouded the city afterward.

The photos are “absolutely core to understanding the visual phenomena of what was happening,” said Jan Ramirez, chief curator at the National September 11 Memorial & Museum.

The images of the dust clouds rising as high as some downtown skyscrapers “are some of the most exceptional images in the world, I think, of this event,” Ramirez said.

ABC said the NIST gave the network 2,779 pictures on nine CDs, saying some of the photographs had never been released before.

The network posted 12 photos this week on its Web site, all taken by ex-NYPD Aviation Unit Detective Greg Semendinger, who was first in the air in a search for survivors on the rooftop. He said he and his pilot watched the second plane hit the south tower from the helicopter.

“We didn’t find one single person. It was surreal,” he told The Associated Press on Wednesday. “There was no sound. No sound whatsoever, but the noise of the radio and the helicopter. I just kept taking pictures.”

He took three rolls of film with his Minolta camera, plus 245 digital shots. Semendinger said he gave the digital images to the 9/11 Commission and believes those images were released by the NSIT. In the days after the attack, he e-mailed some of the photos to friends and several were posted on the Internet.

Later, nine of the images were published in a book called “Above Hallowed Ground: A Photographic Record of Sept. 11″ without his consent. The book was a tribute to the officers who were killed that day.

The photos capture the enormous scope of the dust that enveloped the area.

In some images, the tops of the nearby Woolworth Building and other skyscrapers can be seen rising above the billowing dark plume against a clear blue sky. Buildings can hardly be seen at all in one image — just a burst of dust clouds hanging over the serene Hudson River at the southern tip of Manhattan.

A close-up image from earlier in the morning shows orange flames and black smoke rising past the antenna on top of the north tower, the first hit by a hijacked plane.

Ramirez said the museum, which is slated to open in 2012, saw a selection of the photos at police headquarters several years ago.

They are extremely important because the NYPD aviation unit had the clearance to be up in the air in lower Manhattan only “moments after the first tower was hit,” and stayed in the area for the remainder of the day, she said.

Sometime after 10 a.m., she said they were able to “predict that the north tower was going to fall.” It did just before 10:30 a.m.

The museum hopes to get a complete set of the photos.

“We’ve had our sights set on this body of visual evidence for several years,” Ramirez said.

Semendinger retired from the NYPD in 2002 after 35 years, 20 of them in aviation. He said he has thought about publishing his work from those days.

“I almost didn’t realize what I was seeing that day,” he said. “Looking at it now it’s amazing I took those pictures. The images are … stunning.”

Weekend Roundup.

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Two-alarm commercial fire in Cambridge, Massachusetts: This fire was Saturday at 241 Monsignor O’Brien Highway. Fire in a Meineke Car Care Center. The same building was the scene of an arson in 2006 when it was the Boston Tropical Fish and Reptile pet store. The store’s manager and two others went to prison in a fire that killed dozens of animals. This time a cat was saved. Read more.

NOTE: It was a very busy weekend in the fire news business and we are getting a late start. Below is just a recap of our stories since Friday. More to come.

A Bill McNeel picture from the fire last night in University Park that injured eight firefighters.

A Bill McNeel picture from the fire last night in University Park that injured eight firefighters.

Eight firefighters hurt in Prince George’s County, MD: : The evac tones were sounded at two different points in the battle to bring a University Park house fire under control. All firefighter injuries are reported to be minor. We have raw video from Tom Yeatman and lots of pictures

Video by Vito Maggiolo from two more local fires: Vito was out with his camera early Saturday morning to capture a three-alarm fire at a former movie house in Takoma Park, Maryland. The building was most recently a clothing and shoe store. Click here for that video.

Early Sunday morning a two-alarm fire at a rowhouse in Washington, DC. Click here for Vito’s video.

The tragedy in Russia and lessons from the past: If you haven’t seen it yet, click here for the video from inside the Perm, Russia club where fireworks apparently started a blaze that killed 112 people, with many more burned. Echoes of the Station nightclub fire in Rhode Island. We have the video of the NIST re-creation from the 2003 blaze and the NIST report.

And even more raw videoHouse fire in Sedalia, Missouri. House fire in Seymour, Connecticut. House fire in Gary, Indiana.

Firefighters in hot water over picture taking: One firefighter posing for another in front of a Winnipeg house fire was caught on camera by a news photographer. Now the firefighters are in trouble. Click here.

Philly firefighter accused of setting ladder truck on fire: The firefighter is accused of not listening to his lieutenant about setting papers on fire and then starting a blaze inside Ladder 2. Read the details.

More to the story on Chief Dennis Rubin’s lawsuit deposition: You may have seen our unusual story last week where DC Fire & EMS Department Chief Dennis Rubin describes in detail what he claims was an expletive filled tirade by the former lawyer for the department. That attorney, Theresa Cusick is suing after Rubin got rid of her. Cusick claims there was no tirade but instead she was moved after trying to alert the chief to a cover-up of cheating. Cusick herself has been on the other side of a complaint about a wrongful termination and news reports at the time indicate she didn’t like it one bit. Here’s that story.